January 6, 2016
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February 25, 2016
DRUID HILLS EYE CARE
"Quick question for you before I leave...
TRUE OR FALSE?"
~(James E. Avery, D.V.M.)~
"WE
DON'T NEED UNIVERSAL HEALTH CARE; WHY THEY GET IT FOR FREE!"
~(Veterinarian Associate)~
"I don't want to get into that."
~(Dr. Ashlee Henderson: Republican/Passion City)~
Hi Mr. Avery,
I had called you a few minutes ago and cannot get our appointment system to text you. Georgia Retina would like to see you today if you can get there between 9:45 and 10:00. If not, they will see you at 1:00PM. Please call us so I can let them know when you will be arriving. They also informed me that because you are self pay, you will need to place a deposit of $250 to cover any initial fees. If more testing is to be performed after the initial consultation, they suggest that you ask for an estimate of the costs first before they perform the tests to ensure that you will be able to afford it. There office is 465 Winn Way, Lower Level Suite 100, Decatur, GA 30030.
Sincerely,
Dr. Ashlee Henderson
Hi Mr. Avery,
Since I have not heard back yet, we went ahead and set your appointment up at Georgia Retina for 1:00PM today. If you have any questions, please call me at 404-471-9990 or email us back at this address.
Thanks,
Dr. Ashlee Henderson
From: Druid Hills Eye Care, Grigory Solomon, O.D., Ashlee Henderson, O.D. (Dr.solomon@websystem2.com)
To: jeaverydvm87@att.net;
Date: Wednesday, March 2, 2016 11:37 AM
If you can't read the information below, your computer is blocking the image.
If you can't read the information below, your computer is blocking the image.
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February 26, 2016
GEORGIA RETINA
Optic neuropathy refers to damage to the optic nerve due to any cause. Damage and death of these nerve cells, or neurons, leads to characteristic features of optic neuropathy. The main symptom is loss of vision, with colors appearing subtly washed out in the affected eye. On medical examination, the optic nerve head can be visualised by an ophthalmoscope. A pale disc is characteristic of long-standing optic neuropathy. In many cases, only one eye is affected and patients may not be aware of the loss of color vision until the doctor asks them to cover the healthy eye.
Optic neuropathy is often called optic atrophy, to describe the loss of some or most of the fibers of the optic nerve. In medicine, "atrophy" usually means "shrunken but capable of regrowth", so some argue that "optic atrophy" as a pathological term is somewhat misleading, and the term "optic neuropathy" should be used instead.
In short, optic atrophy is the end result of any disease that damages nerve cells anywhere between the retinal ganglion cells and the lateral geniculate body (anterior visual system).
The optic nerve contains axons of nerve cells that emerge from the retina, leave the eye at the optic disc, and go to the visual cortex where input from the eye is processed into vision. There are 1.2 million optic nerve fibers that derive from the retinal ganglion cells of the inner retina.
In ischemic optic neuropathies, there is insufficient blood flow (ischemia) to the optic nerve. The anterior optic nerve is supplied by the short posterior ciliary artery and choroidal circulation, while the retrobulbar optic nerve is supplied intraorbitally by a pial plexus, which arises from the ophthalmic artery, internal carotid artery, anterior cerebral artery, and anterior communicating arteries. Ischemic optic neuropathies are classified based on the location of the damage and the cause of reduced blood flow, if known.
- Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) includes diseases that affect the optic nerve head and cause swelling of the optic disc. These diseases often cause sudden rapid visual loss in one eye. Inflammatory diseases of the blood vessels, like giant cell arteritis, polyarteritis nodosa, Churg-Strauss syndrome, granulomatosis with polyangiitis, and rheumatoid arthritis can cause arteritic AIONs (AAION). The vast majority of AIONs are nonarteritic AIONs (NAION). The most common acute optic neuropathy in patients over 50 years of age, NAION has an annual incidence of 2.3-10.2/100,000. NAION presents as a painless loss of vision, often when awakening, that occurs over hours to days. Most patients lose the lower half of their visual field (an inferior altitudinal loss), though superior altitudinal loss is also common. The pathophysiology of NAION is unknown, but it is related to poor circulation in the optic nerve head. NAION is often associated with diabetes mellitus, elevated intraocular pressure (acute glaucoma, eye surgery), high cholesterol, hypercoagulable states, a drop in blood pressure (bleeding, cardiac arrest, peri-operative esp. cardiac and spine procedures), and sleep apnea. Rarely, amiodarone, interferon-alpha, and erectile dysfunction drugs have been associated with this disease.
- Posterior ischemic optic neuropathy is a syndrome of sudden visual loss with optic neuropathy without initial disc swelling with subsequent development of optic atrophy. This can occur in patients who are predisposed to AAION and NAION as described above as well as those who had cardiac and spine surgery or serious episodes of hypotension.
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March 2, 2016
GEORGIA RETINA
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